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The course introduces the basic spectroscopic and microscopic methods used for characterization of materials. The focus is put on building of a proper model of materials, physical principles, and the interconnection of the methods with instrumentation.
Last update: Gedeon Ondrej (11.01.2018)
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Students will be able to: Describe energy levels of an atom and solid Propose a suitable microscopic or spectroscopic method for extracting a specific information from material Suggest proper analytical conditions, i.e. detector, analyser, primary source, sample preparation Last update: Gedeon Ondrej (11.01.2018)
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Successful completion of written and oral parts of the exam. Last update: Gedeon Ondrej (14.02.2018)
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R: A. Beiser, Concepts of Modern Physics, The MCGraww Hill, 2003, ISBN 0-07-244848-2 R: Y. Leng, Materials characterization, Wiley, 2008,ISBN 978-0-470-82298-2 A: R.F. Egerton, Physical principles of electron microscopy, Springer, 2006, ISBN-13: 978-0387-25800-0 A: L. Reimer, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Springer, 1998, ISBN 3-540-63974-4 A: E. de Hoffmann, V. Stroobant, Mass Spectrometry, Wiley, 2007, ISBN 978-0-470-03311-1 Last update: Gedeon Ondrej (06.08.2024)
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1. Spectroscopic and microscopic methods, classification. Spectrum and its origin, spectrum constituents. 2. Cross section, examles of cross sections. Properties of particles and radiation. 3. Electron energy levels, atom terms, selection rules, energy bands in solid, Bloch function, quantum tunnelling. 4. Transmission electron microscopy, contrast, bright-field a dark-field observation, sample preparation. 5. Scanning electron microscopy, contrast, backscattered and secondary electrons, sample preparation. 6. Electron microprobe analysis, EDS and WDS configuration, principle of method, qualitative and quantitative analysis, correction methods, mapping. 7. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Absorption spectroscopies, EXAFS, XANES, EELS. 8. Formation, structure, and properties of the surface. Photoelectron spectroscopy, principle of the method, satellite lines, angle-resolved spectroscopy, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy. Auger spectroscopy, Auger microscopy. 9. Secondary Ion Mass spectrometry for solid, ion scattering, kinematic factor, sputtering yield, ionization probability, depth profiling, SNMS. 10. Other ion methods, channelling, proton induced X-ray emission spectroscopy, Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, low energy ion spectroscopy. 11. Probe microscopies and their principles. Scanning tunnelling microscopy, atomic force microscopy, near-field optical microscopies. 12. Diffraction methods, diffraction of photons, electrons and neutrons. Structural factor. LEED and EBSD, neutron diffraction, X-ray diffraction, powder diffraction. 13. Vacuum and vacuum instruments. Vacuum measuring and pumps. Particle sources for photons, electrons, ions, and neutrons. 14. Detectors and analysers. Ionization chamber, crystal spectrometer, energy dispersive detector, scintillator, hemispherical analyser, quadrupole mass analyser, time-of-flight analyser, other detectors and analysers. Last update: Gedeon Ondrej (09.01.2018)
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Last update: Gedeon Ondrej (11.01.2018)
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Teaching methods | ||||
Activity | Credits | Hours | ||
Účast na přednáškách | 1.5 | 42 | ||
Příprava na zkoušku a její absolvování | 3.5 | 98 | ||
5 / 5 | 140 / 140 |