SubjectsSubjects(version: 980)
Course, academic year 2023/2024
  
   
Physical Chemistry of Aqueous Solutions - M403011
Title: Fyzikální chemie vodných roztoků
Guaranteed by: Department of Physical Chemistry (403)
Faculty: Faculty of Chemical Engineering
Actual: from 2019 to 2025
Semester: winter
Points: winter s.:4
E-Credits: winter s.:4
Examination process: winter s.:
Hours per week, examination: winter s.:2/1, C+Ex [HT]
Capacity: unlimited / unlimited (unknown)
Min. number of students: unlimited
Qualifications:  
State of the course: taught
Language: Czech
Teaching methods: full-time
Level:  
Note: course can be enrolled in outside the study plan
enabled for web enrollment
Guarantor: Vrbka Pavel Dr. Ing.
Classification: Chemistry > Physical Chemistry
Interchangeability : N403022
Annotation -
The course deals in detail with topics on thermodynamic description of aqueous systems. The course involves state behaviour and thermodynamic properties of water and description of intermolecular interactions in solutions in relations with the nature of solute (ions, non-dissociated molecules, gases) and condition (temperature, pressure, concentration). Mathematic modelling of thermodynamic and transport properties of aqueous solutions is demonstrated within the course. The course also includes examples of green solvents and their behavior in an aqueous environment. The emphasis is put on correct understanding of basic thermodynamic principles and their usage in laboratory and industrial applications.
Last update: Vrbka Pavel (02.02.2026)
Course completion requirements -

Acquiring credit (meeting the minimum requirements of the computational part)

The exam (comutational test + oral exam)

Last update: Řehák Karel (02.03.2018)
Literature -

R: Atkins P.W., de Paula J., Physical Chemistry, Oxford University Press, 2010, 9780199543373

R: Franks F., Water, a Comprehensive Treatise: The physics and physical chemistry of water, (Vol. 1. Vol. 2, Vol. 3), Springer, 1995, 1975, 0306371812, 0306371820.

R: Robinson R.A., Stokes R.H., Electrolytes solutions, Dover Publishers, 2002, 0486422259

R: Fernandez-Prini R.J., Corti H. R., Japas M. L., High Temperature Aqueous Solutions. Thermodynamic Properties. CRC Press; 1991, 0849357608

R: Koryta J., Dvořák J., Kavan L.: Principles of Electrochemistry, John Wiley & Sons, 1993, 471938386

Last update: Vrbka Pavel (02.02.2026)
Syllabus -

1. Water and aqueous solution (occurrence, significance for environment, structure, properties). Unique properties of water. Quantum models of water for simulations.

2. State behaviour and thermodynamic properties of water. Computing program STEAM.

3. Behaviour of water in critical locus. Power laws and critical exponents.

4. Transport and combined properties of water (viscosity, heat capacity, speed of sound).

5. Electrical and properties of water (ionic product of water, conductivity, relative permittivity).

6. Thermodynamics of aqueous solutions (units of composition, standard states standard states and corresponding excess quantities, activity and osmotic coefficients). Calculation of the activity coefficient of the solute from the activity of water in the solution.

7. Thermodynamics of aqueous solutions (volumetric and thermal properties). Determination of the limiting value of the partial molar volume of a solute from experimental data

8. Interaction between solutes and water (Born equation, structure of solutions).

9. Interactions between ions and activity coefficients. The Debye-Hückel equation and the Pitzer equation.

10. Standard thermodynamic properties (standard functions of formation, Helgeson model, theory of fluctuations), thermodynamic cycle.

11. Solubility in water (organic liquids, gases, non-electrolytes in electrolytes), Sechenov equation.

12. Phase equilibria (l-l, l-g, s-l, s-g) in wide ranges of temperature and pressure

13. Critical behaviour in mixtures and solutions

14. Diluted solutions in critical locus

Last update: Vrbka Pavel (02.02.2026)
Learning resources -

http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/index2.html

Last update: Kubová Petra (10.01.2018)
Learning outcomes -

Students will be able to

  • determine state behaviour of pure water and aqueous solutions and calculate their thermodynamic properties as functions of temperature, pressure and composition including mixtures of green solvents and water.
  • understand potentiality of up-to-date thermodynamic models for description and prediction of properties of aqueous solutions and critically work with data from professional or scientific literature.
  • use the obtained knowledge in various field of chemistry (e.g. environmental, biochemistry, analytical chemistry, geochemistry)

Last update: Vrbka Pavel (02.02.2026)
Registration requirements -

Physical Chemistry I, Physical Chemistry II

Last update: Kubová Petra (10.01.2018)
Teaching methods
Activity Credits Hours
Účast na přednáškách 1 28
Příprava na přednášky, semináře, laboratoře, exkurzi nebo praxi 0.5 14
Příprava na zkoušku a její absolvování 2 56
Účast na seminářích 0.5 14
4 / 4 112 / 112
 
VŠCHT Praha