The students have to pass two tests during the semester. The exam is combined - the students have to pass both a test and an oral part.

Studenti musejí napsat dva testy během semestru. Zkouška se skládá z písemné a ústní části.

Obligatory:

• Advanced organic chemistry, Carey, Francis A., Sundberg, Richard J., 2007
• Principles of organic synthesis, Norman, R. O. C., Coxon, J. M., 2017

Recommended:

• Modern organic synthesis, an introduction, Zweifel, George S., Nantz, Michael H., Somfai, Peter, 2017
• Practical synthetic organic chemistry, reactions, principles and techniques, Caron, Stéphane, 2020

1. Principles of protection in organic synthesis. Protection of OH, CO, NH2 and COOH.

2. Functional derivatives of carbonyl and carboxylic group. Acetals, nitrogen derivatives. Formation of functional derivatives of carboxylic acids.

3. Halogenation. Addition and substitution reactions. Substitution of halogenes, O- and N-derivatives.

4. Alkylation a acylation reactions. Nucleophilic substitution, nucleophilic and alkylation reagents, PTC-catalysis.

5. Alkylation of heteroatoms, alkylation of C-acids. Base catalyzed aldolisation reactions. The Wittig and related reactions.

6. Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation, halomethylation, formylation.

7. Formation of organometallic compounds.

8. Aplication of organometallic compounds.

9. Nitration and nitrosation. Application for the synthesis of nitro and nitroso compounds. Sulfonation of aliphatic and aromatic compounds.

10. Formation and reactivity of diazonium salts. Diazotation, substitution of the diazo group, coupling reactions.

11. Elimination reactions. Mechanisms, dehydration, deoxygenations, elimination of N-, S-groups, halogenes, decarboxylation, extrusion.

12. Reduction. Catalytic hydrogenation, reduction of multiple bonds.

13. Reduction of functional groups, hydrogenolytic reactions.

14. Oxidation of a non-functional and functional carbon atom, hydroxylation, oxidation leading to carbonyl compounds and carboxylic acids. Oxidation of O, N, and S-functional groups, oxidative decarboxylation.

1. Principles of protection in organic synthesis. Protection of OH, CO, NH2 and COOH.

2. Functional derivatives of carbonyl and carboxylic group. Acetals, nitrogen derivatives. Formation of functional derivatives of carboxylic acids.

3. Halogenation. Addition and substitution reactions. Substitution of halogenes, O- and N-derivatives.

4. Alkylation a acylation reactions. Nucleophilic substitution, nucleophilic and alkylation reagents, PTC-catalysis.

5. Alkylation of heteroatoms, alkylation of C-acids. Base catalyzed aldolisation reactions. The Wittig and related reactions.

6. Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation, halomethylation, formylation.

7. Formation of organometallic compounds.

8. Aplication of organometallic compounds.

9. Nitration and nitrosation. Application for the synthesis of nitro and nitroso compounds. Sulfonation of aliphatic and aromatic compounds.

10. Formation and reactivity of diazonium salts. Diazotation, substitution of the diazo group, coupling reactions.

11. Elimination reactions. Mechanisms, dehydration, deoxygenations, elimination of N-, S-groups, halogenes, decarboxylation, extrusion.

12. Reduction. Catalytic hydrogenation, reduction of multiple bonds.

13. Reduction of functional groups, hydrogenolytic reactions.

14. Oxidation of a non-functional and functional carbon atom, hydroxylation, oxidation leading to carbonyl compounds and carboxylic acids. Oxidation of O, N, and S-functional groups, oxidative decarboxylation.

No requirements for the students entering the UCT Prague for their whole Master or Double Master degree.

A mandatory entry tests for the students visiting the UCT Prague as Erasmus students a like. More details and a specimen entry test can be found at https://uoch.vscht.cz/studying/msc-subjects/orgsyn