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Processes for energy and specialties - AM409023

Title:	Processes for energy and specialties
Guaranteed by:	Department of Chemical Engineering (409)
Faculty:	Faculty of Chemical Engineering
Actual:	from 2021
Semester:	summer
Points:	summer s.:4
E-Credits:	summer s.:4
Examination process:	summer s.:
Hours per week, examination:	summer s.:2/1, C+Ex [HT]
Capacity:	unknown / unknown (unknown)
Min. number of students:	unlimited
State of the course:	taught
Language:	English
Teaching methods:	full-time
Teaching methods:	full-time
Level:
Note:	course can be enrolled in outside the study plan enabled for web enrollment

Guarantor:	Kosek Juraj prof. Dr. Ing. Mazúr Petr Ing. Ph.D.
Interchangeability :	M409023, N409081
Is interchangeable with:	M409023

Examination dates

Annotation -

Energetics is one of the main directions of future development of chemical engineering, in which many jobs positions are available and many new applications are created. The goal of the class is to broaden horizons of the students in the area of current social problems because these topics are not dealt with in any other courses offered in the department. Another goal is the introduction of successful and unsuccessful engineering solutions or innovations of specific products with high added value. Most of the concepts are analyzed from the perspective of their competitiveness and further economic or other benefits.

Last update: Lindner Jiří (14.06.2019)

Aim of the course -

The students will gain theoretical and practical skills for:

1. Classical and renewable sources of energy and technology of their utilization (fotovoltaics, heat pumps, biofuels,…)

2. Technology for electrical and other energy storage (electrochemical, conversion technologies,…)

3. Energy savings (e. g. passive houses).

4. Rational chemical-engineering view of energetics.

5. Utilization of so called enabling technologies and smart technologies.

Last update: Lindner Jiří (14.06.2019)

Literature -

R: Beggs C.: Energy. Management, supply and conservation. 2nd edition. Butterworth-Heinemann (2009).

R: Cussler E.L., Moggridge G.D.: Chemical product design, 2nd edition. Cambridge Univ. Press (2011).

Last update: Grof Zdeněk (03.10.2019)

Teaching methods -

Lectures two hours per week, seminars 1 hour per week.

Last update: Lindner Jiří (14.06.2019)

Requirements to the exam -

Student must work out and submit three individual projects.

Oral exam: Student answers two questions from a list of topics that were covered during the lectures.

Last update: Grof Zdeněk (13.06.2019)

Syllabus -

1. Introduction to energetics. Sectors of energetics, history, social needs, energy mix. Cost of 1kWh of various types of energy. Long-term trends in energy consumptions.

2. Fossils vs. renewable sources of energy. Waste use in energy applications, Geographical accessibility. Economical, ecological, and safety aspects.

3. Wind and solar energy. Wind turbines, fotovoltaics, solar heating, heat tube. Solar cooling. Fotocatalysis.

4. Biofuels. Calculation of EROI (energy returned on energy invested). Basic concepts of biorefineries. Critical evaluation of the potential and benefits of biofuels.

5. Electric energy accumulation, pump-storage hydroelectricity, compressed air, hydrogen, electrochemical storage of energy, super-capacitors, thermal and chemical storage of energy. Demand and consumption time curves of electricity.

6. Batteries. Basic principles of batteries and introduction to systematic description and characterization. Potential distribution, load-test curves, shelf/working life, future development.

7. Fuel cells with various types of fuels. Hydrogen economics. System metal-air.

8. Thermoelectric devices. Seebeck, Peltier, Thomson, RF heating, microwaves, induction, laser, etc. Cascade temperature controllers.

9. Cooling of industrial processes and economics of cooling. Adsorption cooling.

10. Heat engines and their thermodynamics. Diagrams T-S. Combustion engines and turbines. Efficiency improvement. Utilization of waste heat. Economics of heat and electricity cogeneration.

11. Heat pumps and air conditions for households and various objects. Principles and schematics of working medium cycle. Accumulation of cold and its practical use. Economic payoff.

12. Low-energy and passive houses. Passive ventilation, heating and cooling. Accumulation of heat energy and its utilization for heating. Radiation heating. Energetical efficiency of lighting. Problem of optimal humidity of air.

13. Energy savings and ways of their achievements for electricity, heat and transport. Examples of successful and unsuccessful concepts. Desalination of sea water by means of various technologies.

14. Rational chemical-engineering view of energetics. Investment return. Scenarios of energy safety. Shaly gas. Time price of electricity. Concept of LCOE (levelized cost of energy).

Last update: Lindner Jiří (14.06.2019)

1. Úvod do energetiky. Sektory energetiky, historie, společenské potřeby, energetický mix. Cena 1 kWh různých typů energie. Dlouhodobé trendy spotřeby energie.

2. Fosilní vs obnovitelné zdroje energie. Energetické využití odpadu. Geografická dostupnost. Ekonomické, ekologické a bezpečnostní aspekty.

3. Energie z větru a ze slunce. Větrné turbíny, fotovoltaika, solární ohřev, tepelná trubice. Chlazení pomocí slunce. Fotokatalýza.

4. Biopaliva. Výpočet EROI (energy returned on energy invested). Základní koncepty biorafinérií. Kritické zhodnocení potenciálu a přínosu biopaliv.

5. Akumulace elektrické energie, přečerpávací elektrárny, stlačený vzduch, vodík, elektrochemické ukládání energie, super-kapacitory, termální a chemické ukládání energie. Časová křivka produkce a poptávky elektřiny.

6. Baterie. Základní principy baterií a úvod do systematického popisu a charakterizace. Rozložení potenciály, zátěžové křivky, životnost. Budoucí vývoj.

7. Palivové články s různými typy paliv. Vodíková ekonomika. Systémy kov-vzduch.

8. Termoelektrická zařízení. Seebeck, Peltier, Thomson. Ohřev RF, mikrovlnami, indukcí, laserem apod. Kaskádové regulátory teploty.

9. Chlazení průmyslových procesů a ekonomika chlazení. Adsorpční chlazení.

10. Tepelné stroje a jejich termodynamika. Diagramy T-s. Spalovací motory a turbíny. Zvyšování účinnosti. Využití odpadního tepla. Ekonomické záludnosti kogenerace tepla a elektřiny.

11. Tepelná čerpadla a klimatizace pro domácnosti a různé objekty. Principy a znázornění cyklu pracovního média. Akumulace chladu a její praktické využití. Ekonomická návratnost.

12. Nízkoenergetické a pasivní domy. Pasivní ventilace, ohřev a ochlazování. Akumulace tepelné energie a její využití pro vytápění. Radiační vytápění. Energetická účinnost osvětlování. Problém optimální vlhkosti vzduchu.

13. Úspory energie a způsoby jejich dosahování pro elektřinu, teplo a transport. Příklady úspěšných a neúspěšných konceptů. Odsolování mořské vody různými technologiemi.

14. Racionální chemicko-inženýrský pohled na energetiku. Návratnost investic. Scénáře energetické bezpečnosti. Břidlicový plyn. Časová cena elektřiny. Koncept LCOE (levelized cost of energy).

Last update: Kubová Petra (17.05.2019)

Learning resources -

Study materials in the form of PPT presentations or texts are available.

Last update: Lindner Jiří (14.06.2019)

Registration requirements -

Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering I

Last update: Grof Zdeněk (13.06.2019)