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History of Chemistry - N832014A
Title: Historie chemie
Guaranteed by: Department of Chemical Education and Humanities (832)
Faculty: Central University Departments of UCT Prague
Actual: from 2012
Semester: winter
Points: winter s.:3
E-Credits: winter s.:3
Examination process: winter s.:
Hours per week, examination: winter s.:2/0, MC [HT]
Capacity: unknown / unknown (unknown)
Min. number of students: unlimited
Language: Czech
Teaching methods: full-time
Level:  
For type:  
Note: course can be enrolled in outside the study plan
enabled for web enrollment
Guarantor: Novák Miroslav Ing. CSc.
Interchangeability : N832014
Is interchangeable with: V832001, N832014
Examination dates   Schedule   
Annotation
Last update: Šmídová Ludmila (24.03.2009)
Students acquire an overview of development of theoretical ideas as well as practical aspects of chemistry from antiquity to present days. During the course topics concerning, e.g., ancient chemical technology, alchemy, chemical revolution in the 18th century, efforts to periodization of elements, evolution of chemical nomenclature and modern chemistry development are examined. The subject covers history of chemistry including fields, which are now taken as separate branches (pharmaceutical chemistry, metallurgy, etc.), with emphasis on significance of chemistry for mankind advancement.
Syllabus -
Last update: Šmídová Ludmila (24.03.2009)

1.Significance of chemistry and its role in history of mankind. Parallel development of theoretical and applied chemistry.

2.Ancient age I. Resources of prehistoric knowledge. Important centers of ancient societies. Pyrotechnologies - ceramics, cement/mortars, metallurgy.

3.Ancient age II. Pyrotechnologies - glass, glazes. Pigments. Food preservation. Other technologies (fermentation, tannery, textiles dyeing, detergents, drugs, cosmetics).

4.Alchemy I. Greek philosophy. Tetrasomial theory. Theoretical resources of Hellenistic-Arabian alchemy, lapis philosophorum, aqua vitae. Resources of alchemical knowledge. Hellenistic alchemy.

5.Alchemy II. Arabian alchemy. Sulfur-mercury theory. European medieval alchemy, alchemy in the Czech lands. Steps of matter transmutation. Alchemical symbolism. Opus magnus.

6.Alchemy III. Alchemical instruments and devices. Alchemical terminology. Indian and Chinese alchemy. Alchemical theories in contemporary light.

7.Transition period. Iatrochemistry. Paracelsus and sulfur-mercury-salt theory. Pneumatic chemistry. Flogiston theory.

8.Beginnings of modern chemistry - chemical revolution. Lavoisier. Traité élémentaire de chemie. The law of conservation of matter.

9.Atomic theory. Quantitative laws of chemical reactions. Stoichiometry. Dalton's atomic theory. Atom, molecule, equivalent. Dualistic and unitary system. Type theory.

10.Development of theoretic views in organic chemistry. Radical, substitution, type, valency theories. Structural theory. Theory of aromatic compounds. Stereochemistry, optical and geometric isomerism.

11.Periodization of elements. Triad model. Telluric screw. Law of octaves. Periodic table - Lothar Meyer, D. I. Mendelejev. History of elements discoveries.

12.History of chemical nomenclature. General principles of scientific terminology. Logograms, redundancy, absolute and relative nomenclature. Protochemical and alchemical nomenclature. Méthode de Nomenclature Chimique. Dalton's and Berzelius's logograms. History of Czech chemical nomenclature.

13.History of chemical technology. Ancient technology. Beginnings of technical chemistry in the 16th and 17th centuries. History of chemical and food industries in the Czech lands.

14.History of teaching of chemistry in the Czech lands. History of the Institute of Chemical Technology in Prague. Notable personalities in ICT. Jaroslav Heyrovský.

 
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