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The subject is aiming to understand the of basic differences between the metabolism of plants and other organisms, especialy in the field of energy exploitation, production abilities and response to stress. The goal is to prepare the students for effective exploitation of specific advantages of plants, ranging from food industry to environmental protection, including the use or detection of genetically modified plants. Photosynthesis is the key process for life on Earth, for that reason it is given a special block of lectures.
Last update: TAJ320 (11.12.2013)
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Students will know: how to find a proper plant or combination of organisms for some particular application on biotechnology, decrease or influence the effects of stress on plants, design preparation or detection method for new genetically modified plants, understand interdependence of different biological methods of decontamination of the environment with the help of vegetation.
Last update: Macek Tomáš (21.08.2013)
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R: Buchanan B.B., Gruissem W., Jones R.L., Biochemistry & molecular biology of plants, American Society of Plant Physiologists, Rockville, 2015 R: Voet D.,Voet J.G., Biochemistry, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2004 R: Kodíček M., Valentová O., Hynek R. Biochemie: chemický pohled na biologický svět. VŠCHT Praha 2015 R: Macková M., Dowling D., Macek T., Phytoremediation and Rhizoremediation, Theoretical Background, Springer, Berlin, 2006 A: Macek T., Kotrba P., Svatos A., Novakova M., Demnerova K., and Mackova M., Novel roles for genetically modified plants in environmental protection. Trends in Biotechnology 26, 146-152, (2008) A: Vodrážka Z., Biochemie, Academia, 1996, 80-200-0600-1 A: Macek, T., Macková, M., Káš, J.: Exploitation of plants for the removal of organics in environmental remediation. Biotechnol. Advances (2000), 18 (1), 23-35 A: Kodíček M. Biochemické pojmy, výkladový slovník, VŠCHT Praha Last update: Macek Tomáš (25.01.2018)
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Participation at lectures, preparation to and passing of the exam. Last update: Macek Tomáš (21.08.2013)
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1. Anatomy, cytology and physiology of plants (cell wall, membranes, organelles), uptake of nutrients, transport within the whole plant 2. Preparation and exploitation of explant cultures, callus, suspension, protoplasts, genetic studies, signal transduction, metabolite production, biotransformation, environmental studies, application in breeding and multiplication 3. Energy conversion, photosynthesis, respiration and photorespiration 4. Carbon metabolism (biosynthesis of sucrose, cellulose, starch, lignins, lipids etc.) 5. Metabolism of nitrogen, sulphur in plants 6. Main groups of hormones (auxins, cytokinins, ethylene, abscisic acid, gibberellins, brassinosteroids etc.), formation and degradation, effect of hormones and growth regulators 7. Receptors and signal transduction mediators (G-proteins, phospholipid pathway), protein kinases, signalling pathways of plant hormones 8. Biosynthesis of some important natural products in plants, importance of the so called secondary metabolites for plants and for relationships within the environment, effects on plants and Man 9. The genome of nucleus, plastids and mitochondria, organisation, expression, proteosynthesis and protein modification, targeting of protein transport 10. Gene transfer methods in plants, preparation of transgenic plants 11. Genetically modified plants, importance, risks, benefits and advantages 12. Abiotic stress (water deficit, increased salt concentration, cold, heat, oxidative stress), biotic stress, defence mechanisms in plants 13. Metabolisation of organic compounds, degradation, activation of promutagens, heavy metal accumulation, phytoremediation, rhizoremediation. Specific aspects of plant defence and protection, pesticides, herbicides 14. Senescence, programmed cell death, post-harvest changes, chlorophyl degradation Last update: Macek Tomáš (21.08.2013)
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www.scopus.com http://apps.webofknowledge.com http://www.phytosociety.org Last update: Macek Tomáš (21.08.2013)
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Biology Biochemistry II Last update: Macek Tomáš (21.08.2013)
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| Teaching methods | ||||
| Activity | Credits | Hours | ||
| Účast na přednáškách | 1 | 28 | ||
| Příprava na zkoušku a její absolvování | 2 | 56 | ||
| 3 / 3 | 84 / 84 | |||
| Coursework assessment | |
| Form | Significance |
| Regular attendance | 10 |
| Examination test | 60 |
| Oral examination | 30 |