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The course is focused on understanding the physical, chemical and biological properties of carbohydrates as a group of organic compounds important for living organisms. The course includes an overview of basic monosaccharide transformations and proposals for the synthesis of carbohydrate derivatives. An overview of oligo- and polysaccharides is given along with their occurrence in nature. The nature of the interactions of carbohydrate derivatives with proteins and their influence in living systems is shown.
Last update: Šimák Ondřej (31.01.2026)
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1. Nomenclature of carbohydrates, Fischer formulas, spatial representation 2. Properties and reactions of monosaccharides 3. Glycosides, their significance, formation and cleavage 4. Manipulation of a polyfunctional molecule, ester and ether protecting groups. Introduction, stability, deprotection 5. Manipulation of a polyfunctional molecule, acetal protecting groups and protection of amines. Introduction, stability, deprotection 6. Preparation and reactivity of anhydro- and halogen derivatives of carbohydrates 7. Oxidation and reduction. Amino- and thiosaccharides 8. Deoxysaccharides and unsaturated carbohydrates 9. C-Glycosides, C-disaccharides and iminosaccharides 10. Oligo- and polysaccharides 11. Carbohydrate code, lectins, recognition at the cellular level 12. Solid-phase synthesis (oligonucleotides and oligosaccharides). Bioactivity of substances derived from carbohydrates 13. Identification of carbohydrates. Analytical methods and examples of their use 14. Final summary Last update: Šimák Ondřej (31.01.2026)
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Lecture notes Last update: Fialová Jana (20.12.2017)
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Students will be able to: Orientate oneself in the issues of selective protection of polyfunctional molecules and preparation of suitable synthons Design synthetic strategies for modifications of polyfunctional molecules Understand the stereochemistry of chiral compounds Have a basic understanding of the interactions of carbohydrate derivatives with proteins and their role in living systems Last update: Šimák Ondřej (31.03.2026)
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Organic chemistry A or Organic chemistry I Last update: Šimák Ondřej (31.01.2026)
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